Vatnshellir Cave

Vatnshellir Cave, an 8,000-year-old lava tube, is a geological marvel that uncovers secrets of an ancient subterranean world. Dropping an astonishing 35 metres (115 feet) underground, it’s a key attraction within Snæfellsjökull National Park on Iceland’s Snæfellsnes Peninsula. 

Not only is Vatnshellir a stunning example of a lava tube, but it also lets visitors explore its once-impenetrable depths. Its mysterious chambers lie within the shadow of the Snæfellsjökull volcano, which inspired “Journey to the Center of the Earth."

The Formation of the Vatnshellir Lava Cave

Thousands of years ago, a volcanic eruption in the Purkhólar crater family spurred the birth of Vatnshellir. It was a classic example of lava tube creation. Lava tubes form when a river of lava cools down from the outside. As the outer crust cools and solidifies, it forms a strong, insulating tunnel. This allows the still-fluid molten lava inside to continue flowing, eventually draining out of the tube completely.

What remains is the Vatnshellir Cave, a vast, hollow passage that’s frozen in time and filled with ancient lava formations.

To explore the mysteries of Iceland’s geology further, the Perlan Museum in Reykjavik is a highly recommended stop. Its Forces of Nature exhibition delves into the immense power of volcanoes in shaping the island’s culture and landscapes. Here, multi-sensory interactive displays promise a one-of-a-kind museum experience for travellers of all ages.

Vatnshellir in Folklore & Fiction

One of the things that makes Icelandic attractions extra alluring is the local legends and tales woven into their spirit. The Vatnshellir Cave is no different. Lava cave tours venturing deep often tell tales of elves and mythical creatures inhabiting these caves and the surrounding mountains. For instance, the Bárðarstofa chamber translates to “the living room of Bárður Snæfellsás.” Bárður was a legendary person, half a man, half a troll, who’s said to have used this very cave to meet with fellow trolls.

The fame of Vatnshellir erupted to new heights by its connection to Jules Verne’s famous novel “Journey to the Center of the Earth.” In the book, the characters begin their descent into the Earth’s core through the crater of the Snæfellsjökull volcano. Located on the volcano’s slopes, Vatnshellir is the real-world entry point for travellers on a journey into Iceland’s volcanic underworld.

Exploring the Vatnshellir Cave

Spanning 200 metres (656 feet) long and up to 35 metres (114 feet) deep, Vatnshellir makes for an unforgettable experience in a subterranean world. Tours are required to enter the cave, with tour operators often providing helmets and flashlights for travellers.

The journey starts near the entrance, where a steep spiral staircase awaits to lead visitors underground. The first section is several metres under the surface, a perfect introduction to the cave’s geology. Look for mineral-rich streaks of red, yellow, and green on chamber walls, and rope-like patterns of the ancient lava flow. The so-called upper section is where travellers encounter the high-ceilinged chamber known as Bárðarstofa.

A second, steeper staircase leads even further down, descending up to 35 metres (115 feet) underground. Delicate lava formations are everywhere, while cave walls emanate a subtle shimmer with the presence of light-reflecting bacteria colonies. At the cave’s deepest point, tour guides often ask travellers to switch off their flashlights. In these depths, there’s not a flicker of light to be seen; only all-encompassing darkness.

• Hiking shoes are recommended. The cave interiors are cold, and the route is over a jagged, unpaved lava floor.
• Dress in warm layers and bring gloves. Not only is Icelandic weather notoriously unpredictable, but the Vatnshellir Cave is chilly all year round, too.
• Do not touch cave walls and formations. Minerals and delicate rock can be easily damaged by human contact.
• Expect physical exertion. Two spiral staircases are part of the tour. A reasonable level of physical fitness and the ability to walk unassisted on uneven surfaces are recommended.

How to Get There

The Vatnshellir Cave sits on the western side of the Snæfellsnes Peninsula. The drive from Reykjavik is approximately 200 kilometres (124 miles) and takes about two to 2.5 hours without stops.

The route itself is relatively straightforward. Take the Ring Road (Route 1), then turn onto Route 54 at Borgarnes, towards the Snæfellsnes Peninsula. Keep driving until the Snæfellsjökull National Park area, and then turn onto Route 574. The cave entrance is right off Route 574.

Nearby Attractions

Deep within the Snæfellsjökull National Park, the Vatnshellir Cave is surrounded by an abundance of natural wonders. Visitors almost always pair a trip to the cave with other Icelandic landmarks nearby.

• Lóndrangar Basalt Cliffs: Two towering basalt volcanic plugs (the "Rocky Castle") rising dramatically from the ocean. Puffins use these cliffs for nesting during summer. 
• Djúpalónssandur Black Pebble Beach: A famous black sand and pebble beach featuring stunning rock formations and the iconic "lifting stones." The beach is also home to the rusted remains of an old, tragic shipwreck.
• Arnarstapi and Hellnar: Two charming fishing villages connected by a beautiful 2.5-kilometre (1.5-mile) hiking trail. Hiking this path is popular among tourists, with its striking cliff formations, including the famous Gatklettur stone arch.
• Búðakirkja (The Black Church): A tiny, distinctive black wooden church set against a desolate lava field, making it one of the most photographed sites on the peninsula.
• Snæfellsjökull Glacier: The majestic, ice-capped stratovolcano dominates the peninsula. It also serves as the fictional starting point for Jules Verne’s novel, “Journey to the Center of the Earth.”

FAQ About Vatnshellir Cave

Is Vatnshellir Cave worth it?

The beautiful lava tube offers a unique, accessible journey deep underground. For those exploring the Snæfellsnes Peninsula, it is a highly recommended and unforgettable stop.

Can you go to Vatnshellir Cave without a tour?

No, a guided tour is a must for tourists who want to visit the cave.

What to prepare for the cave tour?

Wear warm layers and bring gloves, as the cave is cold year-round. Sturdy hiking boots are essential for navigating the uneven lava floor.

How long is the Vatnshellir Cave tour?

The guided tour inside the cave typically lasts approximately 45 to 50 minutes.

What is the best lava cave in Iceland?

The "best" cave is subjective, but Vatnshellir is celebrated for its vertical depth and vivid colours. Other popular lava caves include Thríhnúkagígur, Víðgelmir, and Raufarhólshellir.